US to Transfer Weapons-Grade Plutonium to Startups for Next-Gen Reactors

The US Department of Energy plans to transfer part of its weapons-grade plutonium stockpile to five startups working on next-generation reactors. A total of 34 tons of material, previously used in nuclear warheads, has been allocated for disposal. The decision is part of a program to reduce risks associated with storing hazardous radioactive waste.

The list of recipients includes Oklo, Standard Nuclear, Shine Technologies, Flibe Energy, and Exodys Energy. Each company is developing its own technology for using plutonium as fuel. For instance, Oklo is creating a reactor capable of running on both traditional uranium and plutonium, while Exodys Energy plans to use mixed oxide fuel (MOX), combining uranium and plutonium.

The project has sparked mixed reactions among experts. Critics highlight the high risks associated with transporting and using weapons-grade plutonium. Similar initiatives in other countries were previously abandoned due to safety concerns. Nevertheless, the startups have already begun negotiations with the government regarding material transfer details and security measures.

It is worth noting that plutonium derived from nuclear weapons differs from natural isotopes and has a half-life of approximately 24,000 years. This makes its disposal a complex technical challenge. The US previously attempted to establish MOX fuel production domestically, but the project was canceled due to budget overruns and missed deadlines.